Actos – Uses, Side Effects, Warnings, and More

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Uses

In patients with type 2 diabetes, the medicine pioglitazone, which is of the thiazolidinedione class and is commonly referred to as a “glitazone,” is used to regulate high blood sugar levels in conjunction with an appropriate diet and an exercise regimen. It does this by assisting in the restoration of your body’s normal reaction to insulin, which in turn lowers your blood sugar levels. Keeping high blood sugar under control can help prevent kidney disease, blindness, nerve difficulties, limb loss, and problems with sexual function. Keeping your diabetes under control may also reduce your likelihood of suffering a heart attack or stroke. Pioglitazone may be taken by itself or in conjunction with one or more of the existing diabetes medicines (such as metformin or sulfonylurea such as glyburide). Pioglitazone may come with both benefits and potential drawbacks; discuss both with your physician.

Actos: how to put it to use

Before beginning treatment with pioglitazone and whenever you get a refill for your prescription, be sure you have read the Patient’s Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist. If you have any questions, you should consult with either your physician or your pharmacist.

Take this drug exactly as advised by your physician, either with or without meals and in most cases only once per day. The appropriate dosage for you will be determined by your current medical condition, how well you respond to treatment, and whether or not you are already on any other diabetes medications. In order to determine the dose that is most effective for you, your doctor will change it based on your blood sugar levels. Always give great attention to the directions that your doctor gives you.

It is important to maintain consistent use of this drug in order to derive the maximum advantage from it. Keep in mind that you should always use it at the same time each day.

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If you are already taking another medication for diabetes (such as metformin or sulfonylurea), make sure to carefully follow your doctor’s instructions regarding whether or not you should continue taking the previous medication while beginning treatment with this new medicine. Be sure to adhere to the prescribed medical treatment plan, meal plan, and exercise program that your physician has outlined for you.

Your doctor should advise you to perform regular checks on your blood sugar. Keep a record of the results and discuss them with your primary care physician. If your blood sugar readings are excessively high or too low, you should discuss this with your primary care physician. It’s possible that your dosage or therapy will need to be adjusted. It is possible that it will take between two and three months for this medicine to have its full beneficial effect.

Adverse Reactions

Please also see the section labeled Warning.

There is a possibility that you will get a sore throat, muscle soreness, weight increase, or teeth difficulties. Notify your doctor or pharmacist as soon as possible if any of these side effects continue or become worse.

Keep in mind that the reason your doctor has recommended that you take this medication is that he or she believes that the potential benefits to you outweigh the potential risks of doing so. The majority of persons who take this medicine do not report experiencing any severe adverse effects.

Notify your physician as soon as possible if you experience any serious adverse effects, such as new or worsening visual issues (such as blurred vision), bone fracture, reddish-colored urine, urgent need to urinate, or discomfort when urinating. Other major adverse effects include:

Pioglitazone may infrequently cause liver damage. Notify your primary care provider as soon as possible if you develop symptoms of liver disease, including yellowing of the eyes or skin, persistent nausea and vomiting, stomach or abdominal discomfort, and dark urine.

In most cases, pioglitazone will not result in a drop in blood sugar (hypoglycemia). When combined with other diabetes treatments, this medicine could cause dangerously low blood sugar levels (such as insulin or sulfonylurea). It is more probable that you will experience low blood sugar if you eat a big amount of alcohol, if you engage in exercise that is exceptionally strenuous, or if you do not ingest enough calories from food. Eating meals on a regular schedule and avoiding skipping meals are two things you may do to help prevent low blood sugar. If you don’t eat for a while, you should talk to your primary care physician or your pharmacist about what you should do.

Low blood sugar can cause a variety of symptoms, including abrupt sweating, shivering, a rapid heartbeat, hunger, blurred vision, dizziness, or tingling in the hands and feet. When treating low blood sugar, it is a recommended practice to always have glucose tablets or gel on hand. In the event that you do not own these dependable sources of glucose, you can quickly elevate your blood sugar by consuming a source of sugar that digests quickly, such as table sugar, honey, or sweets; alternatively, you can drink fruit juice or regular soda. Immediately discuss the reaction and the use of this product with your primary care physician.

The condition known as hyperglycemia is characterized by symptoms such as thirst, increased urination, confusion, drowsiness, flushing, quick breathing, or an odor similar to fruit on the breath. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor as soon as possible. It’s possible that your dosage has to be raised.

It is quite unusual for this medicine to cause an extremely severe allergic reaction. However, you should seek immediate medical attention if you have any of the following signs of a severe allergic reaction: a rash, itching/swelling (particularly of the face/tongue/throat), dizziness, or difficulty breathing.

This list of potential adverse effects is not exhaustive in any way. Please consult your physician or pharmacist if you have any side effects that are not listed above.

In the United States, if you are experiencing any adverse effects, please consult your primary care physician. You can call the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or visit their website at www.fda.gov/medwatch to report any adverse effects.

In Canada, if you are experiencing any adverse effects, please consult your primary care physician. You can call Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345 to report any adverse effects you experience.

Precautions

Inform your physician or pharmacist if you are allergic to pioglitazone, or if you have any additional allergies before beginning treatment with pioglitazone. There is a possibility that this product contains inactive substances, which, if present, could result in allergic responses or other complications. Discuss the matter further with your pharmacist for further information.

Before beginning treatment with this medication, it is important to discuss your medical history with your doctor or pharmacist, particularly if you have a history of heart disease (such as congestive heart failure, chest pain), liver disease, fluid in your lungs, swelling (edoema), anemia, a particular eye problem (macular edoema), bladder cancer.

If your blood sugar is either low or extremely high, you may suffer symptoms such as blurred vision, dizziness, or drowsiness. Do not operate a motor vehicle, or any machinery, or engage in any activity that demands alertness or clear eyesight until you have established that you are capable of carrying out such activities in a secure manner.

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While you are taking this medicine, you should limit your use of alcohol because it can raise the chance of experiencing low blood sugar.

When your body is under stress, it could make it more difficult to maintain proper management of your blood sugar (such as due to fever, infection, injury, or surgery). Talk to your healthcare provider because your elevated stress levels can call for an adjustment to your treatment plan, medications, or blood sugar monitoring.

Before undergoing surgery, it is important to discuss all of the products you use with your dentist or doctor (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

It is possible that pioglitazone will make women more prone to bone fractures (usually in the upper arm, hand, or foot). Please also refer to the Notes section.

Pioglitazone has been shown to alter the menstrual cycle (by increasing the likelihood of ovulation) and so raises the possibility of the patient becoming pregnant. While you are taking this medicine, you should discuss the use of effective birth control with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

During pregnancy, it is important to only use this drug when it is absolutely necessary. Talk to your healthcare provider about the potential drawbacks and advantages. During the course of your pregnancy, your physician may decide to give you insulin instead of this medication. Take note of and carefully follow all instructions.

There is no evidence to suggest that this medication makes its way into breast milk. Before starting to breastfeed, you should talk to your healthcare provider.

Interactions Between Drugs

Interactions between drugs might alter the way in which your prescriptions work or raise the possibility that you will have major adverse effects. This document does not contain all possible medication interactions. Maintain a list of all the goods you use, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as herbal remedies, and give it to both your primary care physician and your pharmacist. Without first consulting your physician, you should never alter the dosage of any medication, stop taking any medication, or start taking any new medication.

Pioglitazone’s effectiveness may be impacted if it is eliminated more slowly from the body than usual due to the presence of other drugs. Gemfibrozil and several rifamycins, including rifampin, are just two examples among many others.

Beta-blocker drugs, such as metoprolol, propranolol, and glaucoma eye drops such as timolol, have the potential to prevent the rapid and pounding heartbeat that you would normally experience when your blood sugar is too low (hypoglycemia). These medications have no effect on the other symptoms of low blood sugar, such as dizziness, hunger, or sweating, but they can make you sweat more.

There are numerous medicines that can have an effect on your blood sugar, making it more difficult to control. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about the potential effects every medicine you take could have on your blood sugar before you begin, stop, or change any medication you are already taking.

Check your blood sugar on a regular basis as instructed by your doctor, and then discuss the results with them. If you experience any symptoms of high or low blood sugar, you should consult your doctor as soon as possible. (Also see the section on adverse effects.) It’s possible that your diabetic medication, exercise routine, or diet will need some tweaking from your doctor.

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Overdose

In this case, an overdose of medication.

Dial 911 if you suspect that someone has overdosed and they are exhibiting serious symptoms such as passing out or having problems breathing. In any other case, you should immediately contact a poison control centre. To reach the poison control centre for your area in the United States, dial 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control centre.

Warnings

This drug should not be given to anyone else.

Attend a diabetes education session to gain a better understanding of how to control your diabetes through the use of medications, a healthy diet, physical activity, and frequent checkups with a doctor.

Acquaint yourself with the signs of high and low blood sugar, as well as the treatments for low blood sugar. Check your blood sugar on a regular basis as instructed by your doctor, and then discuss the results with them.

Alterations to one’s lifestyle, such as doing more exercise that involves bearing weight, eating meals that are well balanced and contain a suitable amount of calcium and vitamin D, quitting smoking, and reducing the amount of alcohol consumed, all assist to promote strong bones. Talk to your primary care physician about making adjustments to your diet and lifestyle that might be beneficial to you, and find out if you need to take calcium and vitamin D supplements.

During the time that you are taking this drug, you should have a number of laboratory and/or medical tests, including those to check your liver function, blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c, complete blood counts, and eye exams. Make sure you don’t miss any of your doctor or lab appointments.

Neglected Dose

If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you realize you forgot it. If it is getting close to the time of the next dose, you should forgo the dose that you missed. Apply the following dose at the typical interval. It is not necessary to double the dose in order to catch up.

Storage

Keep at room temperature and away from light and moisture. Store at room temperature. Keep away from the bathroom at all costs. Keep all medications out of the reach of children and animals.

Unless you have been specifically told to do so, you should not flush drugs down the toilet or pour them down a drain. When it is no longer needed or has passed its expiration date, dispose of this product in the appropriate manner. Talk to your neighborhood pharmacy or the firm that handles garbage disposal in your area.