Garlic- Uses, Side Effects, Warnings, and More

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Overview

The Allium sativum plant, also known as garlic, is a relative of onions, leeks, and chives. It is typically used for disorders that affect the cardiovascular and vascular systems.

Allicin is one of the chemicals that garlic generates. Garlic appears to be effective for treating certain illnesses because of this factor. In addition, the scent of garlic is caused by allicin. The act of ageing garlic can render certain items “odourless,” but it also has the potential to alter the properties of garlic.

People frequently use garlic as a treatment for high blood pressure, excessive levels of cholesterol or other lipids in the blood, and the hardening of the arteries. Garlic also has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Additionally, it is used for the treatment of the common cold, osteoarthritis, and a variety of other ailments; however, there is not sufficient evidence from credible scientific studies to support this usage. Garlic has likewise not been shown to be effective in treating COVID-19 based on the evidence that has been gathered.

What Are the Benefits and Applications?

It has the potential to be effective in treating a painful uterine disease (endometriosis). People who have this ailment may experience less discomfort if they take garlic powder tablets by mouth on a regular basis for a period of three months.

The narrowing and hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis). It has been shown that taking garlic powder orally, either on its own or in combination with other components, can help reduce the process of arterial hardening.

Diabetes. Persons with diabetes and people who do not have the condition appear to have a modest reduction in their blood sugar levels before meals when they take garlic powder orally. It appears to operate most well when it is consumed over a period of at least three months. It is unknown whether garlic lowers the amount of sugar in the blood after a meal or the amount of HbA1c.

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An abnormally high concentration of cholesterol or other lipids (fats) in the blood (hyperlipidemia). People who have high cholesterol levels might have a reduction in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL, sometimes known as “bad” cholesterol) if they take garlic in supplement form every day for at least eight weeks. But it’s unlikely that the gain will be significant. In addition, consuming garlic does not assist in raising levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL, sometimes known as “good” cholesterol) or reducing levels of other blood fats known as triglycerides.

Elevated levels of blood pressure. People who have high blood pressure may see a reduction in their systolic blood pressure (the top number) of around 7–9 mmHg and a reduction in their diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of about 4–6 mmHg when they consume garlic orally.

People who drink very little or none at all are more likely to have a buildup of fat in their liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or NAFLD). Taking garlic powder by mouth seems to help to enhance liver health in patients with NAFLD. Garlic eaters appear to have a lower risk of being diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a dangerous gum infection (periodontitis). People who have mild or moderate periodontitis may notice an improvement in their gum health after taking aged garlic extract orally twice per day for a period of 18 months.

It is possible that this treatment is ineffective for stomach cancer. Garlic lovers who either increase the amount of garlic in their diet or take garlic supplements orally do not appear to have a reduced risk of acquiring stomach cancer.

An infection of the digestive tract that has the potential to cause ulcers (Helicobacter pylori or H. pylori). Garlic used orally does not appear to be beneficial in the treatment of H. pylori infections.

There is a growing interest in the use of garlic for a variety of additional functions; however, there is insufficient trustworthy data to determine whether or not this would be beneficial.

Adverse Reactions

When consumed via the oral route: Garlic is probably not harmful to the vast majority of people. Garlic has been used safely for up to 7 years. It is possible for it to result in adverse consequences such as bloating, heartburn, flatulence, and diarrhoea. These adverse effects are typically more severe when using raw garlic. Garlic has been linked to a number of health risks, including an increased risk of bleeding and an increased likelihood of allergic reactions in certain individuals.

Garlic products are thought to be safe to use on the skin when applied topically. Garlic has been utilised in the form of mouthwashes, gels, and pastes for a period of up to three months. On the other hand, garlic may cause damage to the skin that is comparable to a burn. Garlic that has not been cooked before being applied to the skin poses a potential health risk. It is possible that it will irritate the skin severely.

Important Safety Instructions and Cautionary Notes

When consumed via the oral route: Garlic is probably not harmful to the vast majority of people. Up to seven years of safe consumption of garlic has been documented. It is possible for it to result in adverse consequences such as bloating, heartburn, flatulence, and diarrhoea. These adverse effects are typically more severe when using raw garlic. Garlic has been linked to a number of health risks, including an increased risk of bleeding and an increased likelihood of allergic reactions in certain individuals.

Garlic products are thought to be safe to use on the skin when applied topically. Garlic has been utilised in the form of mouthwashes, gels, and pastes for a period of up to three months. On the other hand, garlic may cause damage to the skin that is comparable to a burn. Garlic that has not been cooked before being applied to the skin poses a potential health risk. It is possible that it will irritate the skin severely. Pregnancy and the act of nursing a baby: In the amounts that are typically present in food, garlic can probably be consumed safely by mouth. When used in therapeutic doses, garlic may pose a risk to the health of pregnant women and women who are nursing their young. There is not enough trustworthy information available at this time regarding the safety of applying garlic to the skin while pregnant or while nursing a child. To be on the safe side, you should avoid using it.

When administered to youngsters at amounts of up to 300 milligrammes three times per day for a maximum of eight weeks, garlic may be safe for consumption. There is not enough trustworthy information available to determine whether or not garlic is safe when used in higher quantities or for a period of time that is longer than eight weeks. If you apply raw garlic to your skin, you run the risk of causing irritation and infection. It could cause the skin to burn.

In patients with bleeding disorders, eating garlic, particularly fresh garlic, may raise their risk of bleeding.

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During surgery, garlic may cause excessive bleeding to continue and may also lower blood pressure. Garlic has been shown to reduce levels of sugar in the blood. Put an end to your consumption of garlic at least two weeks before your scheduled surgical procedure.

What are the interactions?

Significant Participation

Do not combine these medications in any way.

Garlic and the antiviral medication saquinavir (Fortovase, Invirase) have an interaction.

One of the HIV treatments available is called saquinavir. Garlic has the potential to lower the amount of saquinavir that is absorbed into the blood. It’s possible that this will lessen the effects of the saquinavir.

Interaction that is Not Overbearing

Take precautions when using these two together.

Garlic and isoniazid have an interaction.

Garlic may lessen the amount of isoniazid that is absorbed by the body. It’s possible that this will make isoniazid less effective.

Garlic has an effect on the medications that are metabolised by the liver (substrates of cytochrome P450 2E1, or CYP2E1).

The liver is responsible for the transformation and breakdown of certain drugs. Garlic has the potential to alter the rate at which the liver metabolises various drugs. It is possible that the effects and side effects of these medications will vary as a result of this.

Garlic has an effect on the medications that are metabolised by the liver (substrates of the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme).

The liver is responsible for the transformation and breakdown of certain drugs. Garlic has the potential to alter the rate at which the liver metabolises various drugs. It is possible that the effects and side effects of these medications will vary as a result of this.

Garlic has an effect on the blood-thinning and blood-clotting medications known as anticoagulants and antiplatelet medicines.

Garlic has been shown to inhibit the coagulation of blood. Garlic may increase the risk of bruising and bleeding, especially when combined with other drugs that similarly impair the blood’s ability to clot.

Garlic has a reaction with the blood thinner Warfarin (Coumadin).

Warfarin is taken to reduce the likelihood of blood clots forming. There is a possibility that garlic will make the effects of warfarin worse. Garlic may make it more likely that you may bruise easily and experience bleeding if you take warfarin at the same time. Always remember to get your blood examined on a regular basis. It’s possible that your current dose of warfarin needs to be adjusted.

Garlic and certain medications used to treat high blood pressure (antihypertensive medicines) can have an adverse interaction.

It’s possible that garlic can bring down blood pressure. Garlic, when combined with other drugs that lower blood pressure, has the potential to induce dangerously low blood pressure levels. Always keep a tight eye on your blood pressure.

There is a drug interaction between atazanavir (Reyataz) and garlic.

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Garlic has the potential to lessen the amount of atazanavir that the body absorbs. It’s possible that this will make atazanavir less effective.

Garlic has the potential to interact negatively with HIV/AIDS medications known as protease inhibitors.

Garlic consumption may result in a reduction in the quantity of HIV/AIDS medication that the body is able to absorb. This may lessen the effectiveness of some medications now being used to treat HIV/AIDS.

Garlic and certain diabetes medications (antidiabetes medicines) can have an adverse interaction.

Garlic has been shown to reduce levels of glucose in the blood. Garlic, when taken in conjunction with diabetes medication, may result in dangerously low blood sugar levels. Keep a tight eye on your blood sugar levels.

Garlic has an effect on the drug tacrolimus (Prograf).

It’s possible that garlic slows down the rate at which the liver breaks down tacrolimus. It’s possible that taking garlic with tacrolimus will make the drug’s effects and adverse effects more pronounced.

Dosing

Adults have been found to benefit the most from taking garlic in quantities of 2400 mg taken orally once daily for a period of 12 months. Standardization of garlic extracts often involves measuring the amount of allicin that they contain. This falls somewhere between 1.1% and 1.3% most of the time. It is a good idea to look for dietary supplements that have been coated (also known as an enteric coating) so that they will break down in the intestine rather than in the stomach. Creams, gels, pastes, and even mouthwashes may contain garlic as an ingredient. Talk to a medical professional about your symptoms to get a recommendation on the appropriate dosage for your condition.